Re: Is there a God and why?
To me, having come out of this view of the world (after I was no longer a Christian I still believed there must be a God for exactly this reason), the need for a creative being comes from the basic assumption that the universe had to be the way it is. Obviously to start from "nothing" (not literally nothing, but not the universe as we know it) and get to the universe the way it is now as an ultimate goal, you'd have to have a plan and therefore a planner.
It's hard, especially when brought up religious, to wrap the mind around the idea that the universe had no plan and where we are now was nobody's goal. It's just a thing that happened to turn out this way, and everything in it is a series of things that happened to turn out the way they did. We are looking at the end of a chain of events that we can choose to view as auspicious (and we certainly should, as one of the "things that happened" is us) but were unplanned.
It wasn't completely random, though, due to what we as humans think of as the natural laws. To say that nature requires a creative mind is effectively to say that the natural laws are impossible, to say that 2+2 cannot equal 4 without a mind to make it so, that the force of gravity is unsuitable to the tasks our model of the force of gravity clearly indicates it is quite capable of accomplishing. If a universe with a creative mind behaves identically to a universe without one -- and we are not required to assume a creative mind before we can build an accurate and predictable model of the universe or its interactions (see: physics) -- how can we tell the difference between a universe with a creative mind and one without one?
Yeah, in particular I think that a lot of the developments in the last 20-30 years on fractals, non-linear dynamical systems, etc. take a good chunk of the visceral force out of the First Cause argument. I don't really understand it anywhere nearly as well as I want to or ought to, and goodness knows it's a much abused concept, but the gist of it is that you can show mathematically that local pockets of order can and do arise in certain kinds of systems (like the universe, by hypothesis) despite a general trend toward overall disorder. Ultimately, I think that's probably what we are -- a pocket of local order.
And just because it's hilarious, and tangentially related to this issue:
(Brian Cox has made it across the pond, right?)